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H. S. Grewal ¹, Kushal Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Floriculture and Landscape, Punjab Agricultural University, LLudhiana Punjab, IN
2 Department of Floriculture and Landscape, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana Punjab, IN

Abstract

In Bougainvillea peruviana cv. Shubra, hardwood cuttings were given quick dip treatment with various concentrations of NAA, IBA and their combinations. The treatment of cuttings with IBA2000 ppm (60.00%) was significantly better than the control and all the other treatments with respect to ischolar_maining of cuttings (i.e. per cent ischolar_maining 60.00%, average number of ischolar_mains per cutting 8.55 and average length of ischolar_mains 36.92 cm) and establishment of the plants (55.50%), irrespective of the method of plantation. Among the method of plantation i.e. polybags and sand beds, the differences were non-significant with respect to per cent ischolar_maining, however, average number of ischolar_mains per cutting (6.09) and average length of ischolar_mains (30.46 cm) was significantly more in the cuttings planted in sand beds than polybags and establishment of plants was significantly more in the cuttings planted in polybags (28.07%) than the sand beds (23.40%), irrespective of growth regulator treatment

Keywords

bougainvillea, Hardwood Cuttings, Plant Growth Regulators

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H. S. Grewal ¹, Kushal Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Floriculture and Landscape, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana Punjab, IN

Abstract

In rose cv. Raktagandha, plant survival was significantly more in conventional method (88.19 %) than cuttage-buddage (43.33 %), although the later was more useful in large scale propagation. The treatment of budded cuttings with IBA 2000 mg/l resulted in significantly more plant survival (77.96%) as compared to the control (64.44%). The treatment of budded cuttings with IBA 2000 mg/l and IBA 3000 mg/l were at par with respect to plant survival. The plant survival was significantly more (77.76%) in bud treatment with BA 50 mg/l as compared to the control (74.81%). The ischolar_maining of cuttings and bud take was significantly more under protected condition as compared to the open conditions resulting in higher plant survival.

Keywords

Rose, Propagation, Cutting-buddage, Growth Regulator

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Jubilee Goyal ¹, H. S. Grewal ²

Affiliations
1 Land Mark Foundation, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, IN
2 Doon Business School, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, IN

Abstract

The present study was conducted to find the impact of environmental awareness on environmental attitudes. The research was done on 600 respondents, both males and females in the city of Dehradun and near by areas, in state of Uttarakhand, India. The objective was to study the respondent's level of environmental awareness, to measure their level of environmental attitudes and to observe the impact of environmental awareness on environmental attitudes and its dimensions. Also a comparison was made between the environmental awareness and environmental attitudes on two groups' males and females. The total sample was equally divided into two groups' males and females. Stratified random sampling was used and all the subjects were matched on gender, socio-economic status and age group. Environmental Awareness Test (EAWT) by Yeshodhara was used to assess the environmental awareness of the subjects. Taj Environmental Attitude Scale (TEAS) by Haseen Taj was used to measure the environmental attitudes of the respondents. Mean, S.D. and ANOVAs' were used to infer findings and prove the proposed hypothesis. The findings revealed a significant difference in environmental attitudes of the respondents of the three levels of environmental awareness (high, medium & low) and also a significant difference in environmental attitudes of the two groups' males and females taken in study.

Keywords

Environmental Awareness, Environmental Attitudes, Dehradun, Males and Females.

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Tanya Thakur ¹, H. S. Grewal ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN

Abstract

The experiment was conducted to standardize the nitrogen application for the standard potted Chrysanthemum morifolium cultivar Snowball, during the year 2015-16 in Ludhiana. The nitrogen (as urea) was applied twice in mid-September and mid-October, in six different treatments i.e. control, 100 mg/pot, 200 mg/pot, 300 mg/pot, 400 mg/pot and 500 mg/pot. The different levels of nitrogen doses had significant (p<0.05) effect on the vegetative growth and flowering, however, the application of 500 mg/poturea gave maximum plant height (73.03 cm), number of leaves (31.02), ischolar_main suckers per plant (12.10), flower size (17.67 cm) and delayed flower bud appearance, colour break stage and full bloom (70.55, 85.17 and 115.28 days, respectively), however, deteriorated flower quality with respect to reduced flowering duration (6.15 days). Therefore, it was concluded that 300 mg urea/pot applied twice was optimum dose of nitrogen application for quality flower pot production.

Keywords

Chrysanthemum, Nitrogen, Urea, Vegetative Growth, Flowering.

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Tanya Thakur ¹, H. S. Grewal ¹, S. S. Kukal ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 001, IN
2 Departmentof Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 001, IN

Abstract

The light-weight growing medium compositions were evaluated in the present study for optimum growth and flowering of potted Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat cv. Snowball. Plants were grown in six different potted medium compositions – control: garden soil + (farmyard manure (FYM) 2 : 1), cocopeat + FYM (1 : 1), cocopeat + FYM (2 : 1), vermiculite + FYM (1 : 1), vermiculite + FYM (2 : 1) and cocopeat + vermiculite + FYM (1 : 1 : 1). Results revealed vegetative growth with maximum plant height, number of leaves and ischolar_main suckers per plant in the case of cocopeat + FYM (2 : 1), whereas flower quality, i.e. duration of flowering and flower diameter was highest in media vermiculite + FYM (2 : 1). Moreover, plants showed significant (P < 0.05%) vegetative growth with better flowering time and quality in cocopeat + vermiculite + FYM (1 : 1 : 1). Therefore, the present findings suggest that for growing potted chrysanthemum cv. Snowball for display, light-weight growing medium composition of cocopeat + vermiculite + FYM (1 : 1 : 1) is the best with better plant morphological development and sustained quality flower production.

Keywords

Chrysanthemum, Cocopeat, Growing Medium, Morphological Development.

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Tanya Thakur ¹, H. S. Grewal ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana (Punjab), IN

Abstract

The environment affects our health in a variety of ways. The interaction between human health and the environment has been extensively studied and environmental risks have been proven to significantly impact human health, either directly by exposing people to harmful agents, or indirectly, by disrupting life-sustaining ecosystems. Environmental degradation is the deterioration of the environment through depletion of natural resources such as air, water and soil; the destruction of ecosystems and the extinction of wildlife. Environmental degradation may be defined as any change or disturbance to the environment perceived to be deleterious or undesirable.

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